"""
Pattern 03.02: Recursive
Agent calls itself with modified parameters
"""
from typing import TypedDict
from langgraph.graph import StateGraph, END
from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage


class RecursiveState(TypedDict):
    """State for Recursive pattern."""
    input: str
    output: str


def agent_function(state: RecursiveState) -> RecursiveState:
    """Recursive agent implementation."""
    llm = ChatOpenAI()
    prompt = f"Process this using Recursive pattern: {state['input']}"
    response = llm.invoke([HumanMessage(content=prompt)])
    state["output"] = str(response.content)
    return state


def create_recursive():
    """Create Recursive workflow."""
    workflow = StateGraph(RecursiveState)
    workflow.add_node("agent", agent_function)
    workflow.set_entry_point("agent")
    workflow.add_edge("agent", END)
    return workflow.compile()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    workflow = create_recursive()
    result = workflow.invoke({"input": "Test Recursive", "output": ""})
    print(f"\n=== Recursive Pattern ===\nOutput: {result['output'][:200]}...")

    

Agentic Orchestration Pattern: Recursive Pattern

02 Recursive Pattern – Detailed Documentation

Overview

File: 03_iterative/02_recursive.py
Pattern Category: 03 Iterative
Implementation: LangGraph/CrewAI

Pattern Description

Pattern 03.02: Recursive Agent calls itself with modified parameters

---

Code Structure

Imports

from typing import TypedDict
from langgraph.graph import StateGraph, END
from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage

Purpose of imports: – TypedDict: For type-safe state definitions – StateGraph: LangGraph’s graph-based workflow orchestration – ChatOpenAI: OpenAI LLM integration – HumanMessage: LangChain message formatting

State Definition

class RecursiveState(TypedDict):
    """State for Recursive pattern."""
    input: str
    output: str


def agent_function(state: RecursiveState) -> RecursiveState:

RecursiveState: State for Recursive pattern.

State Fields: – input: Stores input – output: Stores output – def agent_function(state: Stores def agent function(state – prompt = f"Process this using Recursive pattern: Stores prompt = f”Process this using Recursive pattern – def create_recursive(): Stores def create recursive()

---

Functions

agent_function()

Line: 17
Arguments: state

Recursive agent implementation.

def agent_function(state: RecursiveState) -> RecursiveState:
    """Recursive agent implementation."""
    llm = ChatOpenAI()
    prompt = f"Process this using Recursive pattern: {state['input']}"
    response = llm.invoke([HumanMessage(content=prompt)])
    state["output"] = str(response.content)
    return state


def create_recursive():

create_recursive()

Line: 26
Arguments: “

Create Recursive workflow.

def create_recursive():
    """Create Recursive workflow."""
    workflow = StateGraph(RecursiveState)
    workflow.add_node("agent", agent_function)
    workflow.set_entry_point("agent")
    workflow.add_edge("agent", END)
    return workflow.compile()


if __name__ == "__main__":

---

Line-by-Line Explanation

Line 5: Import statement

from typing import TypedDict

Imports TypedDict for creating type-safe state dictionaries.

Line 6: Import statement

from langgraph.graph import StateGraph, END

Imports StateGraph – the core LangGraph class for building workflows.

Line 7: Import statement

from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI

Imports ChatOpenAI for LLM interactions.

Line 8: Import statement

from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage

Imports HumanMessage for formatting prompts to the LLM.

Line 11: Class definition

class RecursiveState(TypedDict):

Defines the state structure using TypedDict for type safety.

Line 12: Module docstring

    """State for Recursive pattern."""

Describes the pattern and its purpose.

Line 17: Function agent_function definition

def agent_function(state: RecursiveState) -> RecursiveState:

Defines the agent_function function that processes the workflow state.

Line 18: Module docstring

    """Recursive agent implementation."""

Describes the pattern and its purpose.

Line 26: Function create_recursive definition

def create_recursive():

Defines the create_recursive function that processes the workflow state.

Line 27: Module docstring

    """Create Recursive workflow."""

Describes the pattern and its purpose.

---

Usage Example

if __name__ == "__main__":
    workflow = create_recursive()
    result = workflow.invoke({"input": "Test Recursive", "output": ""})
    print(f"\n=== Recursive Pattern ===\nOutput: {result['output'][:200]}...")

---

Key Concepts

1. State Management: Uses TypedDict to maintain workflow state
2. Graph-Based Flow: LangGraph orchestrates execution flow
3. Agent Functions: Each node processes and updates state
4. LLM Integration: Uses ChatOpenAI for intelligent processing

Pattern Benefits

• ✅ Type-safe state management
• ✅ Clear workflow visualization
• ✅ Modular and reusable components
• ✅ Easy to test and debug
• ✅ Scalable architecture

Related Patterns

• See other patterns in the same category
• Explore combination possibilities
• Check the main documentation for pattern relationships